The Westminster
Kennel Club Dog Show is a two-day, all-breed benched conformation
show that takes place at Madison Square Garden in New
York City annually. The first Westminster show was held in 1877.
History
The Westminster Kennel Club was formed in 1877.
The first Westminster show was first held on May
8, 1877, making it the second-longest continuously held sporting event in the
United States behind only the Kentucky
Derby, which was first held in 1875. (Both events were held even during the
World War years.) The show originated as a show for gun dogs,
primarily Setters
and Pointers, initiated by a group of hunters who met
regularly at the Westminster Hotel at Irving Place and Sixteenth Street in Manhattan.
They decided to create a kennel club called the Westminster Kennel Club
specifically for the purpose of holding a dog show. The prizes for these first
shows included such items as pearl handled pistols, of use to the hunters and
terriermen who worked these dogs in the field.
The first show took place in May 1877 at
Gilmore's Garden (later to become Madison Square Garden). That show drew
over 1200 dogs and proved so popular that its originally scheduled three days
became four, with the club donating proceeds from that fourth day to the ASPCA
for creation of a home for stray and disabled dogs.
The Westminster Kennel Club predates the
formation of the American Kennel Club by seven years, and
became the first club admitted to the AKC after AKC's founding in 1884. Breed
parent clubs (e.g., the Afghan Hound Club of America) create the standards for
judging their breeds, with the AKC administering the rules about shows and
judging.
Dogs are judged against their breed standards, to
see how close each dog matches the standard, which is a written description of
the ideal specimen of that breed. Standards may include references relating
form to function in the performance of the job that the dog was bred for, and
may also include items that seem somewhat arbitrary such as color, eye shape,
tail carriage and more. While many breeds no longer need to perform their
original jobs and are bred mostly for companionship, they should still have the
innate ability and physical makeup to perform those jobs, and this is what the
judge looks for.
Because of space considerations at Madison Square
Garden, the entry is limited to 2,500 dogs and fills immediately on the first
day that entries are accepted. Since 1992, the club has invited the top five
dogs in each breed to be pre-entered (determined by the number of dogs defeated
at shows during the previous year) to assure that all the top dogs have the
chance to compete.
Today, Westminster takes place over two days and
nights every February. During the day, the dogs compete at the breed level
(i.e., against other dogs of the same breed). Each Best of Breed winner (BOB)
advances into its respective group, of which there are seven (Sporting, Hound,
Working, Terrier, Toy, Non-Sporting, and Herding). Group competition is held
during the evenings, and the seven group winners advance into the final
competition, which one judge will select one of them as the Best In Show
winner. Since 2014, the show allowed mixed-breed dogs to compete in an agility
event.[1]
Competition in Junior Showmanship (for handlers
ages 8–18) has been held since 1934. The eight finalists all receive
scholarships for post-secondary schooling. In addition, each year the club
(through its Westminster Kennel Foundation) awards veterinary school
scholarships for students from six schools.
The show has been broadcast on live television
since 1948[citation needed]. The program
typically airs on a Monday and Tuesday. The Monday night broadcast is shown on CNBC and the Tuesday
night broadcast on USA Network; USA itself holds the rights to the event
but must defer Monday night coverage to CNBC due to its airing of WWE Raw. At
the Garden, it has enjoyed sellout status since 2005, as tickets sell quickly
once they go on sale each Fall. Indicative of its amazing worldwide popularity,
more than 700 press credentials are issued to media attending in person from
more than 20 countries. In addition, each year the Westminster Web site
(www.westminsterkennelclub.org) has millions of visitors from around the world
(about 12 million page views by users from more than 170 countries).
The winning dog becomes "America's Dog"
for the next year. It begins its reign with a media tour on the day following
the show with appearances on virtually all television network morning shows, a
visit to the Observation Deck at the Empire State Building, and much more.
The event is embraced in New York City every
February, with salutes from such world-famous partners as the Empire State
Building, which lights its tower in purple and gold (Westminster colors) during
the show; Saks 5th Avenue, which features a street window with a
Westminster-themed display; and the New York Stock Exchange, which invites the
winner to ring the opening bell following its big win.
Controversy
Animal-rights advocates such as PETA have routinely
protested the show, arguing that the propagation and celebration of purebreds
ultimately adds to the millions of dogs who end up at and die in shelters.[2][3]
The AKC considers dogs to be property[4]
and has lobbied against mandatory spay-and-neuter programs, referring to such
legislation as "anti-dog."[5]
Requirements for entry
In 1884, the AKC began requiring that all dog
participants be registered with the AKC and recognized for conformation show
competition. In 2012, there are 185 breeds and varieties eligible for
Westminster. This includes six new breeds: Entlebucher Mountain Dog, Norwegian Lundehund, American English Coonhound, Finnish
Lapphund, Cesky Terrier and Xoloitzcuintli.
Because of the show's popularity and prestige, starting in 1992 the AKC limited
entries by requiring that dogs must have already earned their breed
Championship before appearing at Westminster.
There is no prohibition against a winner
competing again in a future Westminster show. In fact, seven dogs have won
multiple Westminster championships: six dogs in consecutive years (including Warren
Remedy, the only three-time champion of the event) and one dog in
non-consecutive years. Since 1972, however, there have been no repeat winners.
(See List
of Best in Show winners of the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show.)
Winning breeds
Through the 134th Westminster Show (February
2010), Best in Show has been won by the Terrier
Group 45 out of the 103 times that the prize has been awarded since 1907,[21]
more than twice as many wins as any other group. The single breed that has won
the most is the Wire Fox Terrier, which has won 14 times. Two of the most
popular dog breeds in the United States have never won Best in Show, the Labrador Retriever and the Golden
Retriever.[22]
The 2010 winner of Best in Show was Ch. Roundtown Mercedes of Maryscot
(aka: "Sadie"), a Scottish
Terrier. Sadie had already won 112 best-in-show ribbons at other shows,
including winning the other two major United States shows (the National
Dog Show and the AKC/Eukanuba National Championship)
immediately prior to her Westminster win.
In 2011, at the 135th Westminster Kennel Club Dog
Show, 5-year-old GCH Foxcliffe Hickory Wind became the first
of her breed (Scottish Deerhound) to capture the Best in Show
award.[23]
The oldest dog to win Best in Show was a Sussex
Spaniel named Ch. Clussexx Three D Grinchy Glee
(aka Stump), at 10 years of age in 2009. The youngest dog to win was a Rough
Collie named Laund Loyalty of Bellhaven, at 9 months old in 1929.[24]
One dog, a Smooth Fox Terrier named Ch. Warren Remedy
won Best in Show three times (1907–1909), and six other dogs have won twice.[25]
Dogs (males) have won Best in Show 68 times to 35 for bitches (females).[26]
List of show winners and breeds
- 2015: GCH Tashtins Lookin For Trouble (aka: "Miss P") - Beagle[28]
- 2014: GCH Afterall Painting The Sky (aka: "Sky") - Fox Terrier (Wire)[29]
- 2013: GCH Banana Joe V Tani Kazari (aka: "Banana Joe") - Affenpinscher
- 2012: Ch. Palacegarden Malachy (aka: "Malachy") - Pekingese
- 2011: GCH Foxcliffe Hickory Wind (aka: "Hickory") - Scottish Deerhound[30]
- 2010: Ch. Roundtown Mercedes of Maryscot (aka: "Sadie") - Scottish Terrier[31]
- 2009: Ch. Clussexx Three D Grinchy Glee (aka: "Stump") - Sussex Spaniel
- 2008: Ch. K-Run's Park Me In First (aka: "Uno" ) - Beagle
- 2007: Ch. Felicity's Diamond Jim (aka:"James" ) - English Springer Spaniel
- 2006: Ch. Rocky Top's Sundance Kid (aka:"Rufus" ) - Colored Bull Terrier
- 2005: Ch. Kan-Point's VJK Autumn Roses (aka:"Carlee" ) - German Shorthaired Pointer
- 2004: Ch. Darbydale's All Rise Pouch Cove (aka:"Josh" ) - Newfoundland
- 2003: Ch. Torums Scarf Michael (aka:"Mick" ) - Kerry Blue Terrier
- 2002: Ch. Surrey Spice Girl (aka:"Spice" ) - Miniature Poodle
- 2001: Ch. Special Times Just Right (aka:"J.R." ) - Bichon Frise
- 2000: Ch. Salilyn 'N Erin's Shameless (aka:"Samantha" ) - English Springer Spaniel
- 1999: Ch. Loteki Supernatural Being (aka:"Kirby" ) - Papillon
- 1998: Ch. Fairewood Frolic (aka:"Rocki" ) - Norwich Terrier
- 1997: Ch. Parsifal Di Casa Netzer - Standard Schnauzer
- 1996: Ch. Clussexx Country Sunrise (aka:"Brady" ) - Clumber Spaniel
- 1995: Ch. Gaelforce Post Script (aka:"Peggy Sue" ) - Scottish Terrier
- 1994: Ch. Chidley Willum The Conqueror - Norwich Terrier
- 1993: Ch. Salilyn's Condor (aka:"Robert" ) - English Springer Spaniel
- 1992: Ch. Registry's Lonesome Dove (aka:"Lacey" ) - Wire Fox Terrier
- 1991: Ch. Whisperwind On A Carousel (aka:"Peter" ) - Standard Poodle
- 1990: Ch. Wendessa Crown Prince - Pekingese